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Objective@#To explore the features of close contacts of coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ) cases in Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, so as to provide evidence for the management of close contacts and the control of the epidemic.@*Methods@#Demographic characteristics, contact history and medical records of close contacts of COVID-19 cases in Jiulongpo District from January 22 to April 10, 2020 was collected according to the COVID-19 Prevention and Control Program ( sixth version ) . Descriptive statistical analysis was performed.@*Results@#Totally 602 close contacts were found, and 30 of them were infected, with an attack rate of 4.98%. Twenty-seven cases were diagnosed before February 10. The close contacts mainly aged from 20 to 59 years ( 457, 75.91% ) ; most were relatives of COVID-19 cases ( 219, 36.38% ) , and 64 (10.63%) were medical staff. Most contacted occasionally ( 338, 56.15% ), at home ( 190, 31.56% ) , and through the same meal ( 181, 30.07% ) . The attack rate of close contacts aged 40 years and over was 7.49%, which was higher than 2.37% of those aged under 40 years ( P<0.05 ). The attack rate of close contacts increased with contact frequency ( P<0.05 ) . The attack rates of close contacts were significantly different in different relations with cases, contact places and contact modes ( P<0.05 ); the attack rates of colleagues and relatives were 20.41% and 8.68%; the attack rates of close contacts in the workplace settings and family were 17.54% and 10.00%; the attack rates of sharing the same bed, living in the same room and working in the same room were 44.44%, 18.60% and 17.24%.@*Conclusions @#The close contacts of COVID-19 cases in Jiulongpo District, Chongqing who aged 40 years or above, exposed in family settings and in the workplace were associated with higher risk of infection.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the efficacy of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation via the hepatic artery vs. the portal vein for end-stage liver disease (ESLD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Patients with hepatic decompensation were prospectively recruited from September 2010 to September 2012 to receive HSC transplantation via the hepatic artery or the portal vein. Liver function was examined at 3, 6, and 12 months after transplantation. Liver biopsy Results were analyzed using the Knodell score.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eighty patients (58 males and 22 females) were enrolled in the study. The Child-Pugh score was grade B in 69 cases, and grade C in the remaining 11 cases. HSC transplantation was performed via the portal vein in 36 patients and via the hepatic artery in 44 patients. ALT levels decreased while serum albumin levels increased significantly in both groups at 6 and 12 months after HSC transplantation (P<0.05 compared with pre-transplantation levels). Total bilirubin levels decreased significantly in both groups at 3, 6, and 12 months after HSC transplantation (P<0.05 compared with pre-transplantation levels). Additionally, prothrombin time decreased in both groups at 12 months after HSC transplantation (P<0.05 compared with pre-transplantation level). There were no significant differences in ALT, total bilirubin and prothrombin time between the two groups either before or after transplantation. Moreover, Knodell score decreased significantly at 6 and 12 months. Histological examination showed that liver cell edema, degeneration, necrosis, and inflammation were significantly relieved at 3, 6, and 12 months after transplantation. The incidence of portal vein thrombosis, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and hepatic encephalopathy were 1.25%, 3.75%, and 2.5% respectively. The one-year survival rate was 100%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Autologous HSC transplantation improves liver function and histology in ESLD patients. The administration route of HSC has no significant impact on the efficacy of transplantation.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Disease-Free Survival , End Stage Liver Disease , Pathology , Therapeutics , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Methods , Hepatic Artery , Infusions, Intra-Arterial , Infusions, Intravenous , Liver Function Tests , Portal Vein , Prospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
0.05.Conclusions The UF effectively removed BUN in sheep with low flow VV-ECMO.The application of UF didn't cause blood shunt in ECMO.The low flow VV-ECMO effectively eliminated carbon dioxide and rerformed oxygenation.